Issue link: https://geospatial.trimble.com/en/resources/i/1415432
Spring 2019 85 8 I n the oil, gas and petrochemical industries, a cold climate presents serious concerns in preserving equipment, product, and operational effi ciency. Outside of natural disasters, such as hurricanes, cold weather is one of the most damaging natural phenomena. From sudden temperature drops and freezing to ongoing wear and tear due to low temperatures, petrochemical facilities are at risk in geographies where the temperature falls below 32˚F. Risks in cold climates Precise temperature control is important to many industries. However, where outside factors such as climate and weather come into play it becomes especially important. Oil, gas and petrochemical facilities often have processes, storage, or transportation of mediums outdoors, which leaves them especially vulnerable to the elements. Freezing or crystallisation of medium Freeze protection is a common use of electric heating in the petrochemical sector. Once the medium freezes it may become unusable or require treatment to return to a usable state. Either way, there is a loss of effi ciency and profi t. Normal freeze control in this industry prevents mediums from falling below 273.15 K (32˚F) – the temperature where many fuel oils begin to crystallise. While some fuel oils, such as diesel, do not freeze, they still experience issues. When diesel's temperature drops too low it begins to transform into a gel or waxy substance. In the petrochemical industry, petroleum and chemical products may have different freezing points, and it is important to account for this to prevent them from freezing. Equipment failure and damage stops process Freezing is known for its ability to cause burst pipes or break storage tanks. When ice gets into cracks or spaces it expands and weakens equipment, compromising the structural integrity. However, proper temperature control can prevent the ice from forming. When a storage tank breaks it also means that the contained medium is lost. If the storage tank is Ilan Toledano, Wattco, Canada, discusses how to use electric heating in colder climates.